Electrotherapy machine, Europe, 1862.

Slave whip, 1851-1900.

Thorn extracting instrument, Ugandan, c 1880.

Surgical knife, South Nigerian, c 1871-1930.

Pair of small scissors with folding knife blades. 19th century.

Dental forceps, London, 1801-1850.

Dental descalers.

R F Mushet's 'self-hardening' steel, 1868.

R F Mushet's 'self-hardening' steel, 1868.

Bank of England bullion balance, devised by J Barton, 1820.

Model of screw-cutting machine from a design by Leonardo da Vinci, 15th century.

Design for screw-cutting lathe from Leonardo da Vinci's notebooks, c 1500.