Double Dale-Schuster pump, c 1927.

An organ such as a kidney could be kept alive by attachment to this artificial circulation system. This is a copy of one of the early double perfusion pumps used by Henry Dale in physiological experiments on animals. It was used to pump blood round the artificial circuit outside the animal's body. A spirometer measured oxygen consumption. By use of an oxygenator the blood could be kept oxygenated and circulated back into the organ.